Improved circular loom for weaving the covering of cords



A if

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

sAAo E. rALMnmor MIDDLETOWN, CONNECTICUT.

IMPROVE!)` CIRCULAR LOOM FOR WEAVING THE COVERING OF CORDS, do.

To all whom it may concern:

Beit known that I, ISAAC E. PALMER, of Middletown, inthe county of Middlesex and State of Connecticut, have invented a new and Improved Machine for Weaving the Covering of Shade-Cord and other Tubular Fabrics; and

LI do hereby declare that theI following is a full, clear, and exact description of the same,

vreference being had tothe accompanying drawings, forming part of this specification, in Which Figure'l is an axial vertical section` of the machine. Fig. 2 is a plan of the same.- Fig.

3 is a transverse vertical section of the same in the plane indicated by the line a: in Figs. 1 and 2. Fig. 4 is a view of the under sidev or'sole of the shuttle. Fig.' 5' illustrates the action of the device attached to the shuttle to perform the duty of a reed. l

l Similar letters ofnreference indicate corre sponding parts in the several gures. This invention consists, principally, in the employment, for carrying the warp threa'd or yarn in aloom or machine-for weaving the covering ot' shade-cord or Iother tubular fabries, of agravitating shuttle kept by its own weight at the bottom of a hollow rotating cylinder, which has .its 'axis in a horizontal position, and which carries a number of -bobf bins on which are the warpyarns.

Y It also consists in the employment, in Acombination with such rotating cylinder having its axis horizontally arranged, and with the gravitating shuttle, of a series of traversing yarn guides or carriers having a movement parallel with the axis of the said cylinder for the purpose of producing the crossing of the warp yarns,'by which, as they revolve with the said rotating cylinder, they are made to receive the weft between them.

It also consistsin the employmeng for operating the aforesaid yarn guides -or carriers, of a stationary cylinder arranged at one end of and concent "c with the aforesaid rotating cylinder, and havin gin its periphery two crossing grooves for the reception of'switch-pieces attached to the said traversing yarn guides ,or carriers.

It also consists in the 'attachment to such 'gravitating shuttle of a hook having eyes 'near the point, and which is made so to conduct the weft into the warp and so to act upon the warp as to serve the purpose of a reed-viz., to press the weft up closely at the lilling-point 5 and it further consists in a novel system of elastic yarn conductors,ap plied in combination Awith the bobbins on the rotating cylinder, and with the" aforesaid traversing yarn guides or carriers, for' the purpose of regulating and cqualizin g the ten- 4sion of the warp-yarns.

To enable others skilled in the art to make and use my invention, I will' proceed to describe its construction and operation.

A and B are two standards erected' upon a bed-plate, C, to support or contain thebearings a a', for the horizontal main shaft D D, of the machine. This shaft is made hollow, and composed of 'two pieces arranged in linev witheach other, with a space, c, between them, as shown' in. Fig. 1.

E is the rotating hollow cylinder, which carries the warpbobbins Gr G, and the interior periphery of .which forms a track for the grav itating shuttle I. rIhis cylinder is made with ing connected with the cylinder by a separate set of arms. One of the said hubs is keyed or otherwise firmly secured'upon one portion, D, of the shaft, and the other upon the other portion, DV, so that the cylinder forms a rigid connection between the two portions of 'the shaft. On'the outer end'of the portion D of the shaft there is secured a forked head, K, which contains the bearings for the bobbin L, from which the cord 12 to be covered is supplied. To this head there is attached a -ratus, by which the cordis taken up as fast' as covered, the cord passing from the bobbiu L' through both portions of the shaft, and lieing covered as it passes the space c, bei'ore mentioned. y

The take-up apparatus -cousist`s,principall y, of a take-up roll, N, and a collectingspool, l),

both arranged transversely to the shaft D D', 'and their shafts working in bearings in the sides of the frame M. The shaft N of the take'up roll is set ott so far from the a-Xis Il l of the hollow shaft D Dl thatthe said'roll will receive the cord in a line passing directly through the axis of the latter shaft, as shownV in Fig. l. The said shaft N has secured to it a w'oinrgear, N2, and a pulley, N 3. The wormgear gears with an endless screw, Q,V on one end of a short shaft, Q, which is arranged parallel withlthe shaft DD/in a suitable bearing, t, on the frame M, and on the other end of which there is secured a spur-gear, R, which is caused by the revolution of the shaft D D to revolve around a stationaryvspurgear, S, which is concentric with the latter Y shaft, v but securedfirmly to the bearing a.

The revolution of the gear R around the stationary gear S causes the former gear and its shaft Q and the endless screw Q to receive also a rotary motion about their axis, andthe endless screw Vis thus caused to give a rotary motion .to the worm-gear N2 and the take-uproll. The pulley N3 on the shaft ofthe takeup roll receives an endless band, T, which also runs on a pulley, P', attached 'to the collecting-spool P, so that as fast as the cord is f carriers, which correspond in number with the bobbins, consist of straight 'rods of a length` nearly equal to twice the length of the cylinder, fittedto slide parallel with the axis ofthe cylinder E through holes provided in the 'fianges thereof, about midway between the bobbins, and 'each has drilled through it, at about the middle of its length, an eye, e, through which the yarn fromvone of the bob bins G passes f before passing through one of a series of longitudinal slots, s s, provided, in the cylinder rlvhe said guides or carriers have each a switch-piece, n, pivotedto one end by a pin, q, and these switch-pieces are fittedv to run freely in the crossing grooves jp p', which arecut in the exterior periphery of the stationary cylinder F. This cylinder is arranged around, the portion D of the main shaft of the machine, between the rotating cylinder E and the take-up apparatus, 'and concentric with the rotating cylfnder. It isl secured firmly 'to or forms part of the standard B, andthe bearing a', which is supported by the said standard, is constructed in a eentral hub, which is connected to the shell of the said cylinder by arms dd. The two groove's p p', except where they approach and cross eachl other, extend around the cylinder in A planes perpendicular to the axis thereof, and

at a distance apart from center to center equal to the desired length of traverse of the guides ,or carriers H4 H, the distance between the points where they commence to converge bcin g about equal to twice the distance between the said guides or carriers, andtheir point of crossing being one-half' the first-mentioned j distance; the oblique portions crossing each other at the top of' the cylinder, vas shown at 6 in the last-mentioned figure.- v

As the yarn guides or carriers H H revolve 'with the cylinder, their switelrpiecesnl n pass along the. grooves p pf, crossing from one over the top of the ,cylinder` F, and by thus crossing-from one groove to the other the said switch-pieces are made to produce a longttudinaLrnovement of the said guides ory carriers, by which the eyese c thereof are caused to move first toward one and then toward the other end of the cylinder E. vThe said guides or carriers are severally so arranged that when the switch-piece of' one is in one of the in the other groove, and by that means one next one in the opposite direction, and the Warp-yarns are thereby crossed over the weft.

V V are the elastic yarn-guides through .which the warp-yarns pass on their way from the bobbins Gr G to the traversing guides or carriers H H. These guides, which" correspond in number with the bobbins, are formed each of a single piece ofwire,coiled to form an eye, u, at the middle' of its length, for the u e, Figs. 2 and 3, to form two elbows, and coiledagain near its ends, as`"`shown at y y, around a pin, w, which isA inserted throughl and secured rigidly in the flanges j' f of the cylinder. The ends of the said ire are inserted into -holes in the said fian ges to prevent the coil y from turning freely on the pin w. The wire thus formed andsecured at its ends forms a double spring, the portions between theend coils, y, and elbow-coils u forming' one 'spring which presses upon the yarn whichl` is upon one of the bobbins, and thereby-produces friction and tension upon the warpyarns, (which are represented in blue' color,)

which the eye Ais made to take up the slack of the yarn between it and the filling-point as movements'by which the crossing of the warpyarns over the weft is effected. These springs have a peculiar operation, for when any extra tension comes uponthe yarn between the fillto draw the eye toward the cylinder, and in so doing tends to draw away from the -bobbin thol'o-rtin ofthe spring which presses upon it, and so to reduce the pressure and friction uponthe bobbin, which is thereby permitted to give off its yarnguntilthe. tension between groove to the-other as `they'severally pass Y grooves p p' the switch-piece of the other is is caused to niove in one direction and the'vv reception of the yarn, and coiled again-at and the portions between the elbow-coils a andthe eye u forming another spring, by

its respective traversing guide is making the ing or weavirig point andthe eye u it tends the eye u and the' weaving-point is in 'a cer- 4cause it is kept in place and made to operate by gravitation, is made ,with a curved sole which conforms nearly to the interior of the cylinder E. It has its ends beveled on the upper side, as shown at g g inFig'. 3, and has its, sides beveled upward, as shown at m m in Fig. 1, to enable it to pass easily ,between the warpyarns. In the middle of its lower partthere -is a cavity, i, for the reception of the bobbin h., and between the said cavity and the ends of the shuttle there. are two cavities,

.7j, for the reception of two rollers, k k, which are held in' place by pins or axles passing through them.V -These rollers project slightly below the face 'ot the sole of the shuttle, that they may bear upon the inner periphery of the cylinder E, and keep the sole out of contact therewith. This shuttle maybe made of castiron, and should be heavy enough to enable it to remain nearly stationary at the bottom of the cylinder while rotary motion is given to the latter. It is fitted loosely between two 'internal anges, f2 f2, provided around the cylinder, and thereby prevented from being displaced laterally.

J is the hook, which is attached'to the gra-vitating shuttle for the purpose of conducting the wcftnto thewarp closeto the filling-point, and of so acting upon the warp as to press up the weft, and thereby serve the saine pur pose as the reed of an ordinary loom. rlhis hook has a straight or slightlybent stem,

which is screwed or otherwise firmly secured into the shuttle. rlhe point ofthe said hook is attened in the direction of the axis of the is cylinder Irl, and its inner curvature is\ such that while the rollers of the shuttle bear upon the bottom of the cylinder E the hook will ling the cord close up against the inner end ol' the portion 1) of the main shaft. The stem ofthe hook has, at some distance below the curve of the hook proper, an eye, 7, and, still lower, an eye, 8. The weft-yarn, passing out ofthe shuttle at the eye 10 thereof, passes upward and enters the eye S on that side of the stem of the hook which is to ward the portion D ot' the main shaft, coming out of thc .said eye S and entering the eye 7 on the opposite side, and coming out of the latter eye on the first-mentionedI side and being thence/'delivered between the warp-threads.

y lo set the machine in operation,'the bobbin L, containing a piece ot' cord tobe covered, is placed in the head K, the cord inserted through the shaft D 1) and coiled around the take-up roll N, and its end secured to the collectingspool l. The warp-yarns from the several bobbins G G are conducted through their respective elastic guides V V, traversing guides H H, and slots S S, to the space cbctween the two portions of the main shaft,aud their ends either tied to or coiledonce or twice tightly around the cord 12. -The shuttle, having its filling-yarn passedthrough its eyes 7 8,'so that ashort piece projects beyond the upper eye, 7,

is then inserted into the cylinder, and the xna' chine started by applying power in any suitable manner, to produce a rotary motion of the shaft D D.

The revolution of the cord 12, bobbins G G, and warp-yarns with the cylinder E while the the shuttle remains stationary, or nearly so, and the said yarns are carried back and forth from one end of the cylinder to the other, causes the weft to be unwound fromlthe shuttlc@ and deposited between the warp-yarns, and thewarp-yarns to be crossed over it, substantially as in ordinary weaving.

The hook J, like the shuttle, passes between the successive warp-yarns, and by hugging the cord 12 is caused to deposit the weft close into the crossings of thewarp. The said hook, moreover, passing in front of alternate warpyarns, as indicated in Fig. 5, where it will be seen that parts of some of the said yarns are dottedto show that they are behind the hook,

presses-those yarns against the weft which was laid over them on the previous revolution, and so causes them to press up the weft, thusy performing a duty substantially like thereed of an ordinary loom.

To adapt the machine to the weaving ot' tubular fabrics, the portion D of the shaft is made solid, and a cylindrical metal core-piece of a diameter equal to that intended for the interior of the fabric is attached thereto, the said core-piece entering some distanceinto the-portion D of the shaft, which is made hollow, as represented in the drawings.

What I claim as myinvention, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is-

1. The employment, for carrying the weftyarn in a machine for weaving the covering of shade-cord or other circular or-tubular fabric, of a gravitatingshuttle, I, applied and operatin g, substantially as herein specified, within a rotating cylinder, which carries the warp-yarns.

2. In combination with the. rotating cylinderv E, having its axis horizontally arranged and carrying the warp-bobbins G G, and with the gravitatin g shuttle I, the traversing yarn guides or carriers H H, lraving eyes e c provided in them, and applied and operating substantially as and forthe purpose .herein described.

'3. In combina-tion with the said rotating cylinder E and the traversing yarnguides or carriers jH H, the stationary cylinder F, arranged at one end of the said rotating cylindcr, andhaving two crossing grooves, p p', in its outer periphery, and' the switch-piecesnn, or their equivalents, attached to the said guides, the whole operating substantially as and for the purpose hereinl set forth.

4. The hook J, combined with .the-gravita# 4 i j Y 45.629

ing shuttle, substantially as and for the purtaking up :my slck of the yarn,substan tially I pose herein specified. i L asliereiu described.

5. The elastic yarn-guides .V V, forming 1 double springs and serving tue purpose of ISAAL' L' -PALMLR guiding the'Warp-yz'uns from the bobbins to '-Witnesses: the traversing guides orcarriers, that of pro- WALDO P. VINAL7 ducing friction upon Ythe bobbns, and that 0f G'IDEON PALMER. 

